Factors Influencing Adolescent-Parent Communication on Sexual Reproductive Health: A Case of Chamwino District, Dodoma Region in Tanzania

Abstract

Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is a critical public health challenge in Tanzania, where 27% of girls aged 15-19 have begun childbearing. Effective adolescent-parent communication can reduce SRH risks, yet cultural and relational barriers persist. This study explores factors influencing adolescent-parent communication in Chamwino District, Dodoma Region, using a cross-sectional survey of 250 adolescents aged 10-19 in Buigiri and Manchali wards, analyzed with IBM-SPSS v25. Findings show 66% engage in SRH discussions, with key drivers including prior SRH awareness (Odds Ratio=21.0, meaning adolescents unaware are 21 times more likely to discuss with parents compared to those aware), preference for mothers over fathers (Odds Ratio=0.09, indicating a lower likelihood of discussion), poor parent-adolescent relationships (lower likelihood), and limited communication skills (higher likelihood). Qualitative interviews with parents, health workers, and teachers highlight cultural norms and resource constraints as barriers. We recommend culturally sensitive SRH education, communication training, and father engagement initiatives through schools, health centers, and religious institutions to enhance dialogue and reduce SRH risks in rural Tanzania