The Effectiveness of Community - Based Strategies in Ending Sexual Violence Against Women and Girls in Shinyanga Region

Abstract

This paper explores the effectiveness of community-based strategies in addressing sexual violence against women and girls in the Shinyanga Region, Tanzania. Using a cross-sectional mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 282 households and from key informants, including police officers, teachers, religious leaders, and local officials. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, and qualitative insights were thematically assessed to understand community perceptions and institutional responses.

Findings reveal that sexual violence is both widespread and normalized, with 94.1% of respondents reporting personal or second-hand experience within the past five years. Common forms include child marriage (33%), rape (30.5%), intimate partner violence (23.2%), and other abuses (9.6%). Girls aged 12–17 were identified as most vulnerable. Community awareness of strategies was high (91%), with school programs, public awareness campaigns, community policing, and involvement of traditional or religious leaders most commonly cited. While educational and awareness efforts were viewed as effective, services like counselling, legal aid, and paralegal support were less visible and had limited impact.

The study offers valuable, context-specific insights, using social-ecological and feminist frameworks to highlight how structural and community dynamics shape violence. It calls for stronger law enforcement, improved survivor-centred services, and the integration of gender-based violence strategies across sectors. NGOs are urged to expand psychosocial and legal support, while local leaders should promote accountability and shift harmful social norms. These coordinated actions are vital to reducing violence and improving protection for women and girls in the region.